锚位点辅助决策模型的设计与实现

为解决舰船抛锚作业时锚位点决策受限于海图有限信息,人工选址方式主观性过强而间接增大走锚风险的问题,提出基于VCF(Vector Chart Format)格式数字海图数据,采用地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS)的方法分析影响锚泊安全的海洋环境要素、区域界限、碍航物、周边船舶态势和助航标志通视情况,定量给出各要素的适宜度、影响范围以及基于方位位置线网的定点抛锚方法,并将各步骤的分析结果可视化。该模型的实际使用情况表明:有利于航海人员准确把握锚泊海区的整体态势,辅助其得到结合自身需求的优化锚位点决策,降低舰船走锚风险,提升锚泊安全性。     

BIM与GIS融合技术在航道整治工程中的应用

针对航道整治工程中BIM技术无法管理条带状工程、难以表达工程周边地理信息等难点,通过梳理BIM与GIS数据特点,研究探索BIM与GIS融合技术,提出了通过格式转换、坐标转换和数据关联实现BIM与GIS融合的方法。将研究成果应用在蕲春水道航道整治工程,验证了BIM与GIS融合方法的可行性,实现了BIM与GIS数据一体化浏览、显示、管理、分析等功能,解决了BIM无法管理大范围工程、无法反映工程周边环境的不足,为BIM与GIS技术在航道整治工程中的应用提供了技术支撑。     

集成GIS/BIM的盾构隧道全寿命管理系统研究

为解决在盾构隧道工程中,地理信息系统（GIS）标准缺失和建筑信息模型（BIM）分析功能薄弱的问题,在分析GIS的数据管理和BIM的数据标准基础上,建立集成GIS/BIM的盾构隧道全寿命期管理系统。首先,概括总结系统采用的技术路线; 其次,基于IFC标准扩展统一的盾构隧道信息模型,涵盖盾构隧道地质、结构、线路、施工、监测和病害等数据; 然后,介绍系统信息的关联,包括隧道编码、GIS和BIM的集成方案; 最后,以上海地铁盾构隧道为依托,描述系统在工程全寿命期的应用,包括隧道地质勘察、结构设计、运营监测和养护维护等阶段。该系统制定了统一信息模型,方便数据交换和管理,在信息模型基础上实现了信息可视化与不同分析功能,提高了盾构隧道的全寿命数字化管理水平。     

激光电弧复合焊焊接工艺在邮轮上的应用研究

激光电弧复合焊克服了传统电弧焊和激光焊的缺点,其良好的焊接特性及可控的焊接成本,使其完全满足邮轮上层建筑建造的技术要求,即：焊后上层建筑外板平整、线型流畅和焊缝成形美观等,且焊接成本应在可控范围。由于目前船级社规范以及国内相关标准尚未制定出可执行的激光电弧复合焊焊接工艺认可的技术要求,制约了激光电弧复合焊在我国邮轮建造领域的应用。为了获得科学合理的激光电弧复合焊焊接工艺认可的工艺技术参数,通过焊接工艺试验,就激光电弧复合焊的特性、焊接设备的选配、试验所用的钢板和焊接材料进行了详细介绍;经对焊接工艺试验数据的分析研究,获得并建立了激光电弧复合焊焊接工艺认可所需的最佳可控的焊接工艺技术参数。这些工艺技术参数不仅能帮助船厂顺利完成激光电弧复合焊焊接工艺计划书等焊接工艺文件的编制、焊接工艺试验的实施及其认可,也能为完善规范提供参考,同时还为激光电弧复合焊在我国建造的邮轮上得以顺利实施提供技术支持。     

Generalized Maximum Benefit Multiple Chinese Postman Problem

This research is focused on a generalization on the Max Benefit Chinese Postman Problem and the multiple vehicle variant of the Chinese Postman Problem. We call this generalization, the Generalized Maximum Benefit k-Chinese Postman Problem (GB k-CPP). We present a novel Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) formulation for the GB k-CPP. Four different cases of the model are discussed. The first case, performs arc-routing with profits and assumes that the origin and destination for each vehicle is the same for each cycle and is given by the user. The next case relaxes the assumption that the origin and destination for each vehicle should be the same and allows the users to select possible origins/destinations for vehicles. Case three gets the origin for each vehicle as input and produces a solution based on finding the best destination for each vehicle. The last case, that is very general, allows the optimization model to select possibly different locations for vehicle origin and destination, during each cycle. The different cases are applied to a security patrolling case conducted on the network of University of Maryland at College Park campus and the results are compared.     

基于3D GIS的地铁施工安全风险远程网络系统

为了进一步提高地铁施工现场安全精细化智能管理水平,结合地铁施工现场实际,提出应当建设地铁施工安全风险远程网络系统。分析该系统功能需求,系统应实现人员、机械设备、环境、监测等信息的管理功能,以及不安全行为与状态评判、冲突风险分析、特殊天气风险分析、预测预警、隐患辨识与管理等功能。经分析,得出系统宜采用3D GIS技术和空间数据库技术。设计系统总体结构,探讨各项功能的实现方法,与现有可视化监控系统相比,其功能进一步拓展,更加智能化、集成化、可视化。     

川藏公路地质灾害危险性评价

针对川藏公路沿线的地理环境选取了公路沿线灾害体、暴雨、年均降雨量、路基位置、岩性条件、地貌类型、地震烈度、年均温度、植被覆盖率、地质构造等10个地质灾害危险性评价指标,采用专家系统法赋值,通过层次分析方法确定指标权重,据此提出了川藏公路地质灾害危险性评价模型.在GIS技术支持下,建立了川藏公路地质灾害危险性评价数据库....     

Formal scientific research of traffic collision data utilizing GIS

This paper explores the tenuous link between speeding behavior and accident causation, one that has not been well established in the international literature to date. Taking advantage of established engineering conventions and formulae, we were able to set up an a priori hypothesis suitable for testing. Utilizing this formal scientific method (which GIS researchers have been criticised for not using) we establish a statistical link for this relationship. Our methodology can be used to support all police intervention strategies, including the controversial photo radar systems. The results from our research have been entered into a GIS in order to create a map for spatial display. This map illustrates the relative probability or risk of collision occurrence resulting from speeding at all intersections and interchanges within the scope of the study. It is suggested that this methodology could easily be maintained with periodic updates of data, thus creating a dynamic model from which to monitor traffic safety within the city. Furthermore, this model can be utilized to study specific strategies, allowing for the scrutiny of before, during and after effects. The study area is the entire city of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, and includes all traffic collisions occurring during the year of 1994.     

Enhancing stated preference surveys in transportation research: the contribution of geographic information systems

In this paper we argue that visualization, data management and computational capabilities of geographic information systems (GIS) can assist transportation stated preference research in capturing the contextual complexity of many transportation decision environments by providing respondents with maps and other spatial and non-spatial information in graphical form that enhance respondents' understanding of decision scenarios. We explore the multiple inherent contributions of GIS to transportation stated preference data collection and propose a framework for a GIS-based stated preference survey instrument. We also present the design concepts of two survey prototypes and their GIS implementation for a sample travel mode choice problem.     

氙弧灯和荧光紫外灯对面漆漆膜破坏性的比较

依据2项国家标准,分别采用氙弧灯和荧光紫外灯对不同颜色面漆漆膜的破坏性开展试验研究.试验结果显示,2种光源对面漆漆膜破坏性的区别主要表现在失光、色差和粉化方面.从成膜物质和试验条件方面分析试验结果的形成原因,比较2种光源对漆膜破坏的等效性.